Ayen yerzan affacturage di Lezzayer
Lɛeqd n affacturage yesdukkul kraḍ n yidisan: tasudawt yezzenzen (amesdukkel, l’adhérent), amsaɣ-is ilan ad yexelleṣ tafaktuṛt (amarrus, le débiteur) d factor, d tasudawt yettaɣen ttlaba-nni. Factor yettak din din asellef ɣef tfaktuṛt, syin ad yeṭṭef deg ufus-is asmekti n umsaɣ akken ad d-yejmeɛ idrimen, d wamek ara yerr ayen d-yeqqimen i umesdukkel, mi ara yekkes lexlaṣ-is. Asaḍuf n tnezzut n Lezzayer (Code de commerce) yesbeddad lɛeqd-a seg tazwara n yiseggasen 1990, yerna armud-a yettwaḥseb gar yimahilen n ukridi yellan ddaw n uɛessi n Banque d’Algérie.
D amahil ɣef yimsaɣen, mačči d ardal amagnu
Ur yecbi ara akridi n usexdem (crédit d’exploitation): affacturage ur yebnna ara deg tazwara ɣef tdrimt n umesdukkel, maca ɣef tɣara n yimarrusen-is. Tasudawt tamaynut yettfafaktuṛen i tsudawt tameqqrant yettwassnen s uxelleṣ deg wakud-is tezmer ihi ad tawi asefrek ur s-yettak ara découvert. Deg tama nniḍen, tifaktuṛin yettwafkan i yimsaɣen ixuṣṣen neɣ i yettnamaren ad ttwagint, ɣas ma tasudawt s yiman-is tesɛa ibilanen yelhan.
Affacturage, escompte d usellef ɣef ttlaba
Tibankiwin n Lezzayer xeddment segmi kan s escompte n tewraqin n tnezzut d usexdem n ttlaba yellan ɣef berra neɣ ɣef yisuqen izayezen (marchés publics). Tatiknikin-a ula d nettat ssefrakent tallit n uxelleṣ, maca ttlaba teqqim ɣef tsudawt: ma amsaɣ ur yexleṣ ara, lbanka ad tuɣal ɣur-s. Affacturage yetteddu ugar, acku factor d netta i yettḥadaren asmekti d ujmaɛ n yidrimen, yerna yezmer, deg tifrat « sans recours », ad yerfed netta s yiman-is aɣbel n tifaktuṛin ur nettwaxelleṣ ara.
Anwi tisudwin ara yesfaydin seg affacturage di Lezzayer?
Amedya amagnu d PME n tmesfka, n uzuzer neɣ n yimeẓla yettzenzen i tsudwin nniḍen (B2B) s tallit n uxelleṣ n 60 ar 120 n wussan, neɣ ugar ma yella amsaɣ d tasudawt tazayezt. Deg yiḥricen-a, tiɣri n wazal n tnezzut (chiffre d’affaires) tettnerni tikwal s uɣiwel ugar n tdrimt, ihi tasudawt tettaf iman-is tessefrak imsaɣen-is s yidrimen-is. Ma tefka amur seg ttlaba-s, ad d-tessufeɣ ayen ara as-yeǧǧen ad txelleṣ ifurnisuren, lexlaṣ n yixeddamen d tikkatin n tɣellist tanmettit deg wakud-nsent.
Ttlaba i yettqebbil factor
- tifaktuṛin tinmettiyin yemmugen ɣef uzen neɣ ɣef umeẓlu ifukken, s bon de livraison neɣ s procès-verbal n wawway yettwazemlen;
- imarrusen yettwassnen, yettwajerden, yerna tezmreḍ ad tesnekdeḍ ma zemren ad xelṣen;
- tallit n uxelleṣ tawezlant, s umata ddaw n kra n wayyuren;
- assaɣen n tnezzut yettɛawaden yal tikkelt, mačči d tazzinin n tikkelt kan.
Ttlaba i yettwaǧǧan s umata
Tifaktuṛin pro forma, isellfen ɣef tladin ur d-nettwazen ara, ttlaba yettwafkan yakan d aḍman i lbanka nniḍen, idrimen ɣef yella umennuɣ neɣ tazzinin i yimdanen iman-nsen ffɣent s umata seg tama-a. Tifaktuṛin gar tsudwin n ugraw yiwen ttwamuqqlent ula d nutenti s uḥader, acku zemrent ad ffrent kan asiweḍ n tdrimt gar tsudwin yeqqnen.
Ssuma n affacturage: sin n yiḥricen ara ternuḍ
Ssuma tebḍa ɣef lkumisyun n affacturage, yettwaḥesben s tfesna (pourcentage) seg wazal n tifaktuṛin yettwafkan, yettxellisen asefrek, ma yella, ula d aḍman mgal tifaktuṛin ur nettwaxelleṣ ara, d lkumisyun n usefrek, i yecban lfayda, yettwasersen ɣef usellef deg tallit gar uxelleṣ n factor d ujmaɛ n yidrimen ɣur umsaɣ. Tikwal ad d-rnun ssumat n tulya n udossier d tezrawt n yimarrusen. Ulac aseɣwen n ssuma yiwen: tiwtilin qqnent ɣer factor, ɣer yiḥric d uɣbel n yimsaɣen, yerna ilaq ad tent-tessutreḍ s tira.
Amedya i usfehem
Tifesniwin-a ddaw d tiwtilin yettwafernen akken ad yishil uḥsab, mačči d tiwtilin n ssuq.
| Aferdis | Tawtilt | Azal |
|---|---|---|
| Tifaktuṛin yettwafkan | axelleṣ deg 90 n wussan | 10 000 000 DA |
| Asellef yettwafkan | 80 % seg tfaktuṛin | 8 000 000 DA |
| Ayen yettwaṭṭfen d aḍman | 20 %, ad d-yuɣal mi ara yexelleṣ umsaɣ | 2 000 000 DA |
| Lkumisyun n affacturage | 1 % seg tfaktuṛin | 100 000 DA |
| Lkumisyun n usefrek | 8 % deg useggas ɣef 8 000 000 DA deg 90 n wussan (base 360) | 160 000 DA |
| Ssuma s lekmal | lkumisyun + asefrek | 260 000 DA |
Deg usenaryu-a, tasudawt txelleṣ 2,6 % seg tfaktuṛin-is akken ad tesɛu 8 imelyunen n yidinaren kraḍ n wayyuren uqbel. Asteqsi ara d-tesqedceḍ fessus: tadrimt-a ad ak-teǧǧ ad tawiḍ tasenqest ɣur ufurnisur, ad tesleḥḍeḍ tixeṭṭiyin n uɛeṭṭel neɣ ad teqbleḍ taladt-nniḍen ara ak-d-yawin rrbeḥ ugar n 260 000 DA? Ma d lla, amahil-a yesqam ugar n wayen ara d-yawi.
Ahegga n udossier n affacturage
Factor yezrew amesdukkel d ugraw n yimsaɣen-is akken ma llan. Ilaq ihi ad tefkeḍ tiwraqin n usaḍuf n tsudawt d tugna leqqayen n ttlaba ɣef yimsaɣen.
- extrait n registre du commerce, statuts, NIF d NIS;
- ibilanen d tfelwin n yigmaḍ n yiseggasen ineggura, akked tegnit n leḥsabat tamezwarut n useggas-a;
- tiwraqin n uleqqem ɣur CNAS d CASNOS, d extrait de rôle n tbaqqit;
- balance âgée n yimsaɣen, ara yesmizzwiren ttlaba ɣef leqdem-nsent d yal amarrus;
- tinsiwin n lɛuqud, bons de commande, tifaktuṛin d bons de livraison n yimsaɣen igejdanen;
- amazray n yidrimen yettwajemɛen d yimennuɣen ma llan deg 12 n wayyuren ineggura.
Isurifen n usbeddi
- Afran n yimsaɣen ara yettwafken: tasudawt tessumer tabdart n yimarrusen, factor yesbadu talast i yal amsaɣ.
- Azmul n lɛeqd: ad d-yesbadu amur n usellef, ayen yettwaṭṭfen d aḍman, lkumisyunat, tifrat s recours neɣ war recours d tallit-is.
- Asmekti i yimsaɣen: ad awin lameṛ ad xelṣen factor si tura d asawen, ayen yesran ad ten-tesselɣeḍ s leḥder.
- Tuzna n tfaktuṛin: yal tikkelt, factor ad yesenqed tiwraqin, syin ad yefk asellef.
- Ajmaɛ d tririt: mi ara yexelleṣ umsaɣ, ayen yettwaṭṭfen ad d-yuɣal, mi ara ttwakksent ssumat.
Fren tifrat yelhan
S recours neɣ war recours
Deg tifrat s recours, tasudawt ad terr asellef ma amsaɣ-is ur yexleṣ ara; ssuma d tamecṭuḥt maca aɣbel yeqqim ɣur-s. War recours, factor ad yeḍmen tifaktuṛin ur nettwaxelleṣ ara deg talast i d-yefka i yal amarrus, ayen yettwaxelṣen s lkumisyun meqqren ugar. I ugraw n yimsaɣen yettwasdukklen ɣef sin neɣ kraḍ n yimsaɣen imeqqranen, aḍman-a yezmer ad yesleḥḍ tasudawt ur tettaweḍ ara ɣer cessation de paiement si ččerka n yiwen umsaɣ kan.
Affacturage yettwasmektan neɣ s tuffra
Kra n yimsiren ttagaden ad ttwamuqqel tegnit n factor am tmuli n uɣilif. Ma tella tifrat s tuffra (confidentielle), tasudawt tkemmel ad tejmeɛ idrimen s yiman-is, syin ad ten-terr i factor. Tifrat-a ur tettwasumer ara aṭas, tettwaǧǧa i tsudwin ɣef yettwamuqqel usefrek-nsent d awezlan.
Tifranin nniḍen d tuccḍiwin ara tḥadreḍ
Ma yella lḥaǧa d kra n yimalasen n uɛeṭṭel, akridi n tdrimt neɣ facilité de caisse ara temsefhameḍ akked lbanka-k n yal ass yezmer ad yili d arxis. I tzenzin ɣer berra, asexdem n ttlaba d yifecka yettwaglemen deg usebter-nneɣ ɣef akridi import-export s umata lhan ugar. Taggara, ma yella lexṣaṣ n yidrimen d-yekka seg uɣ n tmacinin, d akridi n tusmersit i ilaq ad tnadiḍ, mačči d asellef ɣef tfaktuṛin. Tisudwin yesmenyafen tifrat yemsefhamen d cciɛa zemrent ad zerwent moucharaka i d-sumeren yiɣerba n ttmuwil islami.
Tuccḍiwin i d-yettuɣalen s waṭas
- afak n tfaktuṛin yettwafkan yakan d aḍman i lbanka nniḍen, ayen ara d-yawin amennuɣ gar yimsellfen;
- asfeḍ n tewtilt n uḥric (clause d’exclusivité), i yettḥettimen tikwal ad tazneḍ akk tifaktuṛin n yiwen umsaɣ, ula d tid yettwaḍmanen ugar;
- attu n avoirs d tsenqas i yettwafkan deffir, i yesneqsen ttlaba yerna ilaq ad ttwaselɣent i factor;
- asexdem n affacturage akken ad tesseglaḍ lexṣaṣ n usexdem: yessaɣawal ajmaɛ n yidrimen maca ur d-yettawi ara rrbeḥ.
Uqbel ad tezmleḍ, ssuter asirem s yiḍuḍan ɣef tfaktuṛin-ik s yiman-nsent, syin serwes-it akked tsumert n découvert neɣ n escompte n lbanka-k. D abrid-a i yelhan akken ad teẓreḍ ma affacturage di Lezzayer, i tsudawt-ik, d afecku n tneflit neɣ d ssuma-nniḍen kan.
Isteqsiyen yettuɣalen
Affacturage d asaḍufan di Lezzayer?
Ih. Lɛeqd n affacturage yella deg Usaḍuf n tnezzut n Lezzayer, yerna armud-a d amahil n ukridi yettwaǧǧan i tsudwin yesɛan turagt ddaw n uɛessi n Banque d’Algérie. Uqbel ad tefkeḍ tifaktuṛin-ik, senqed ma tasudawt tella gar tbankiwin neɣ tsudwin tidrimanin yettwasirgen, yerna ssuter lɛeqd amedya akken ad tmuqleḍ lkumisyunat-is d tifrat n recours.
Tasudawt tamecṭuḥt tezmer ad tefk tifaktuṛin-is?
Ayen yezmer ad yili ma yella imsaɣen-is d tisudwin yezmren ad xelṣen, yerna ttwassnen. Factor yettmuqul ugar taɣara n yimarrusen d wamek ttɛawadent tfaktuṛin, ugar n tiddi n umesdukkel. Maca, ma yella tifaktuṛin drus aṭas, amahil ur as-d-yettawi ara rrbeḥ, yerna kra n tsumar ttḥettiment azal n tnezzut amecṭuḥ yettwafkan. Ilaq ihi ad d-tesskneḍ agraw n yimsaɣen yettɛawaden s wudem i yeqwan.
Nezmer ad nefk tifaktuṛin ɣef tsudawt tazayezt?
Ttlaba ɣef tsudwin tizayzin ttemlilent s waṭas ɣur ifurnisuren n Lezzayer, zemrent ad sseḥmumment factor, acku amarrus d ajehdan ɣas ma tallit n uxelleṣ d tazegrart. Maca tasudawt ad tessuter asuq (marché) neɣ bon de commande, procès-verbal n wawway d ubeggen belli tafaktuṛt tettwaqbel ɣur lmesleḥa n uxelleṣ. Tuɛeṭṭliwin yettwarǧan ssmeɣwarent ssuma n usefrek.
D acu ara yeḍrun ma amsaɣ-iw ur yexleṣ ara akk?
Kulci yeqqen ɣer tifrat i tezmleḍ. S recours, ilaq ad terreḍ asellef i tewwiḍ, syin ad d-tejmeɛeḍ ttlaba s yiman-ik. War recours, factor ad yerfed tafaktuṛt ur nettwaxelleṣ ara, maca deg talast i yeqbel i umsaɣ-a kan, yerna ma yella tafaktuṛt ur tettwanamer ara. Amennuɣ ɣef tɣara n uzen s umata yessexsay aḍman.
Isumar unṣiben i usnemhel
Asenqed n «Isumar unṣiben i usnemhel» deg Affacturage pour entreprise deg Lezzayer yessefk ad ibedd ɣef Asebter unṣib; s wakka tzemreḍ ad tferneḍ gar tewtilin i d-yettwaseknen s wudem unṣib.
| Banka | Talɣut | Asaɣ |
|---|---|---|
| BEA – conditions entreprises | crédits d’exploitation et d’investissement avec taux et commissions publiés | Asebter unṣib |
| BNA – crédit d’investissement | financement moyen/long terme et différé possible selon le projet | Asebter unṣib |
| BNA – promotion immobilière | jusqu’à 70 % du coût global et durée de 5 à 7 ans selon la page produit | Asebter unṣib |
| CPA – e-Tamwil | demandes en ligne pour crédits d’exploitation et d’investissement | Asebter unṣib |
| CNEP-Banque – conditions professionnels | barèmes publiés pour financements professionnels | Asebter unṣib |
Tisuddas n wereḍḍal ara testeqsiḍ
BNA — Crédit d'investissementTabanka tamenḍawt yettwasirgen sɣur Banque d'Algérie — Ardal n BNA ɣef tallit talemmast d teɣzfant i usnulfu, i usimeɣ neɣ i usmaynut n yifecka n ufares.CPA — Crédit d'exploitationTabanka tamenḍawt yettwasirgen sɣur Banque d'Algérie — Iṛdalen n tikli n CPA i usmuddu n tuzzya n umahil d ugerruj n tsuddsin.BDL — Crédit d'investissementTabanka tamenḍawt yettwasirgen sɣur Banque d'Algérie — Asmuddu n BDL i yismussuyen n yimahalen d tsuddsin, gar-asent PME.BNP Paribas El Djazaïr — Financement de trésorerieTabanka tusligt s yirasmalen n berra, yettwasirgen sɣur Banque d'Algérie — Tifrat n usmuddu n ugerruj i usefrek n tuzzya n umahil n tsuddsin.Tabdart i usisen kan: Algerie-Credit.com ur yeqqin ɣer yiwet seg tsuddas-a, ur d-yettak ara areḍḍal. Senqed tiwtilin n tura ɣer tsuddest s timmad-is.