Moudaraba s snat n tmlilin: win i d-yettawin idrimen d umsefrak
Moudaraba tesdukkul sin yimendaden i d-yettawin ayen ur nemcabi ara. Rab al-mal yettawi-d akk idrimen; moudarib yettawi-d axeddim-is, tamusni-s d wakud-is akken ad yesnerni arasmal-a. I tkebbanit di Lezzayer, aya yebɣa ad yini belli amsenfar yezmer ad d-yawi idrimen yessefken i temhelt war ma yessekcem idrimen-is, ma yella yettḥemmil asefrek u yettak-d tisenmiḍanin s telqay.
Lexlaṣ s ufmiḍi n lfayda
Imendaden ur msefhamen ara ɣef tsqamt ara d-yettwarren, maca ɣef ufmiḍi n beṭṭu n lfayda tazedgant: amedya 40 % i umsefrak d 60 % i win i d-yewwin idrimen. Asbadu n tsqamt yeṭṭfen neɣ n ufmiḍi n urasmal yegdel, acku tagatt ad tuɣal d lekra s tfrit.
Alugen n uxṣar, d ul n tegatt
Ma yella temhelt teṣṛeḥ idrimen war tuccḍa n umsefrak, axṣar n tedrimt yettḥemmil-it win i d-yewwin arasmal. Moudarib, netta, yesṛuḥuy azal n uxeddim-is, ur nettwaxelleṣ ara. Alugen-a yettṛuḥu ma yella usɛeggen, aɛeddi n tewtilin yettwabedden neɣ tikerkas: amsefrak ad yuɣal d amasul s wayla-s. D amgired ameqqran d Moucharaka, anda sin yimendaden ttawin-d arasmal u ttbeṭṭun axṣar s lqedd.
Moudaraba yettwaḥedden neɣ tilellit
Tagatt tezmer ad tesbadu ugar neɣ drus tilelli n umsefrak.
- Moudaraba yettwaḥedden (mouqayyada): win i d-yewwin idrimen yettḥedded aseqdec-nsen i yiwen urmud, yiwet n sselɛa, yiwet n temnaḍt neɣ yiwet n tallit. D talɣa-a i teqbel lbanka s tefses ugar, acku tezmer ad tḍefer temhelt.
- Moudaraba tilellit (moutlaqa): amsefrak yettfernen timhalin deg takatut tamatut n urmud-is. Tessutur laman ɛlayen aṭas u qlil ma tettwaf deg usedrem n tkebbaniyin sɣur tbankiwin.
Deg snat-a, yal aseqdec n yedrimen beṛṛa n tlisa i d-yettwafernen yettarra amasul ɣef moudarib s yiman-is.
Ayen xeddment s tidet tbankiwin tizzayriyin
Deg wayen yerzan ilugan, Moudaraba tella gar temhalin i zemrent ad tent-d-ssumrent tbankiwin deg takatut i d-yesbedd ugraw n tedrimt deg 2020, am Mourabaha neɣ Ijara. Deg tilawt, ilaq ad nfru gar sin yiseqdac yemgaraden aṭas.
Ɣef tama n yidrimen yettwasersen: imiḍanen n usfuger
Aseqdec n Moudaraba yettwasnen ugar di Lezzayer yella deg tuḥḍa. Mi ara yeldi umsaɣ amiḍan n usfuger amttekki deg lbanka tislamit neɣ deg tseddart n lbanka taɣelnawt, yettili d win i d-yettawin arasmal, lbanka d tamsefrakt. Afaris n umiḍan-a ur yettwaḍman ara: yeɛlaq s yigmaḍ n yisedram i yettwaxedmen s yidrimen-a.
Ɣef tama n usedrem: afaris qlil yettwaḥewwsen
Mi ara tessuter tkebbanit i lbanka ad tili d tin i d-yettawin arasmal, tasuddest tettḥemmil waḥd-s aɣbel n uxṣar. Ma tmuqleḍ asumer i d-sskanent Al Salam Bank Algeria, tasdart tislamit n BNA neɣ tallunt e-Tamwil n CPA, d izenzan s tmarjit d lekra n yibenkan i yugaren; Moudaraba tettwaḥewwas, ma tella, ɣer tnuḍfiwin n tkebbaniyin i temhalin yettwaḥedden akken iwata. Qbel ad tebnuḍ asenfar ɣef tegatt-a, ilaq ad d-tawiḍ aseḍmen s tira belli tettwazenz u tettwaselkem sɣur akomiti n cciɛa n lbanka.
Aheggi n usenfar yemṣadan d Moudaraba
Timhalin yemṣadan ugar
- asɣa n sselɛa i uzenzi deg tallit taqeṣṛant, s ssuma n usɣa d ubrid n uzuzer yettwassnen;
- aselkem n yiwen n usuɣel yettwassnen, amedya tladna yeṭṭfen n umsaɣ unṣib;
- tallit n tesɛa (ibenkan n uɣerbaz, ifarisen n Remḍan) s tikli-s tban.
Tikti tamatut: tazwara, taggara, d ugmuḍ yettwaɛyaren war ma yella umennuɣ.
Dossier yettwaṛǧan
- registre du commerce, uṭṭun n tmagit n lǧibaya, tiwriqin CNAS neɣ CASNOS yettwaleqmen;
- bilans n yiseggasen yezrin neɣ, i tkebbanit tamaynut, CV amaslay n unemhal i d-yesskanayen tirmit-is deg wannar;
- budget yettwaṛǧan n temhelt: ssuma n usɣa, iṣenfaqen n usiweḍ, ssuma n uzenzi, tamarjit yettwaṛǧan;
- bons de commande, tigtin n yimsaɣen neɣ factures pro forma n yimsenmes;
- aɛahed ad tettwaṭṭef tsenmiḍant yemgaraden i temhelt u ad ttwaceggɛen yineqqisen s tallit.
Amedya i usegzi n Moudaraba ɣef temhelt n tnezzut
Takebbanit n uzuzer ilaq ad d-tefk tladna n yibenkan n uɣerbaz. Lbanka tettawi-d 5 000 000 DA, takebbanit tettawi-d aẓeḍwan-is, aɣerbaz-is n usekles d usefrek-is. Afmiḍi yettwaṭṭfen d 40 % i umsefrak d 60 % i win i d-yewwin idrimen.
| Agmuḍ n temhelt | Amsefrak (40 %) | Lbanka (60 %) |
|---|---|---|
| Lfayda tazedgant n 1 200 000 DA | 480 000 DA | 720 000 DA + tuɣalin n 5 000 000 DA |
| Agmuḍ ilem | 0 DA | tuɣalin n 5 000 000 DA |
| Axṣar n 500 000 DA war tuccḍa | 0 DA (axeddim ur nettwaxelleṣ ara) | tettarra-d 4 500 000 DA |
Imḍanen-a d i usegzi kan n tarrayt; ulac tasuddest i d-yessufuɣen afmiḍi amagnu, yettwaḥewwas ɣef uɣbel.
Aḍfar d umdal n temhelt
Deg akk tallit n Moudaraba, amsefrak yettceggiɛ i win i d-yewwin idrimen tisenmiḍanin s tlugna: isɣan yettwaxedmen, izenzan yettwaṭṭfen, iṣenfaqen, stock i d-yeqqimen. Deg umdal, ad yettwaheggi umiḍan n ugmuḍ n temhelt. Arasmal n tazwara yettuɣal-d qbel kulši i win i t-id-yewwin; d ayen i d-yugaren kan i d lfayda ara yettwabḍun ɣef ufmiḍi i d-yettwafernen. Ma yella tegatt terza aṭas n tikal, zemren ad ilin yibeṭṭuyen n kra n wakud, s uṣeggem aneggaru. Iṣenfaqen imatuyen n tkebbanit, am lekra n uɣerbaz n usekles neɣ lexlaṣ n yixeddamen yettdumun, ur zmiren ad ttwarnun ɣer temhelt ḥaca ma tenna-t tegatt s usefhem: tamsalt-a ilaq ad tettwafru qbel uzmul, acku tettḥettim srid agmuḍ.
Tamuɣli n lbanka
I tesuddest, Moudaraba d yiwen seg yisedram yesɛan aɣbel ameqqran ugar, imi tezmer ad tesṛuḥuy arasmal-is war abrid n tuɣalin ma yella umsefrak ur yeɣliḍ ara. Tettɛawaḍ aɣbel-a s ufran iqesḥen n temhalin, tallit taqeṣṛant, tilisa iwezlen d tuttra ɛlayen n telɣut. Amsenfar i yefhemen tarrayt-a ad d-yesken dossier i d-yettaken laman: temhelt tafessast, imḍanen yettwasneqdayen, tirmit i d-yettwaseknen.
Moudaraba neɣ asedrem-nniḍen: fren akken iwata
Melmi i telha
Moudaraba tettḥaz amsenfar yesɛan tirmit, i yexuṣṣen idrimen-is maca yessen armud yettawin lfayda u yettbanen. Ur tettarra ara ubilan ad yeẓẓay s tsaltiwt u teǧǧa axṣar, ma ulac tuccḍa, ɣef win i d-yewwin idrimen.
Melmi i yif ad tmuqleḍ ɣer wayeḍ
I usri n yal ass n fonds de roulement, tifrat n wakridi n tedrimt neɣ Mourabaha ɣef stock ad yili s zzerb ugar. Asenfar amaynut war amazray ad yaf tallelt s tefses ugar s yifecka i d-yettwaskanen deg usebter-nneɣ ɣef lekra i start-up tazzayrit. I tmuɣli tamatut ɣef tegtin yemṣadan d cciɛa, ɣer amnir n lekra tislamit di Lezzayer.
Tuccḍiwin ara tesfelḍ
- Asmerkeb n yidrimen n temhelt d tedrimt tamatut n tkebbanit: agmuḍ ur yezmir ara ad yettwafru.
- Ad teqbleḍ tawṭilt i yeḍmenen arasmal n lbanka deg yal tagnit: temgal tarrayt n tegatt.
- Ad teffɣeḍ seg tlisa yettwasbadun, ɣas i tegnit yelhan: amasul n umsefrak ad yettwasekcem.
- Ad tettuḍ ineqqisen s tallit, i d-yettawin laman d ulallem n temhelt.
Isteqsiyen yettuɣalen
Amsefrak ilaq ad d-yerr arasmal ma yella uxṣar?
Ala, ma yella ur yexdim tuccḍa, ur yesɛeggen, ur yeɛdi tiwtilin n tegatt. Axṣar n tedrimt yettḥemmil-it ihi win i d-yewwin arasmal, amsefrak yesṛuḥuy kan azal n uxeddim-is. Ma yesseqdec idrimen beṛṛa n tlisa i d-yettwafernen neɣ ur yesfrek ara akken iwata temhelt, yezmer ad yettwaḥettem ad yerr axṣar.
Lbanka tazzayrit tezmer ad tesdrem takebbanit-iw s Moudaraba?
Tagatt tettwasireg deg takatut n Banque d’Algérie, maca drus n tbankiwin i tt-id-yessumuren s wudem iban i usedrem n tkebbaniyin, acku d nutenti waḥd-sent i yettḥemmilen aɣbel. Ilaq ad truḥeḍ ɣer tnuḍfa n tkebbaniyin neɣ ɣer tseddart tislamit, ad d-tesskneḍ temhelt yettwaḥedden u tettwaɛyar, u ad tessutreḍ aseḍmen s tira belli afaris yettwazenz.
D acu i d amgired gar Moudaraba d Moucharaka?
Deg Moudaraba, yiwen kan i d-yettawin idrimen, wayeḍ yessefrak, u axṣar war tuccḍa yeɣli ɣef win i d-yewwin idrimen. Deg Moucharaka, sin yimendaden ttawin-d arasmal, ttekkin ahat deg usefrek u ttbeṭṭun axṣar s lqedd n wayen i d-wwin. Lfayda, deg snat-a, tettbeɛ tasarut n beṭṭu i d-yettwafernen.
Afmiḍi n beṭṭu n lfayda yettwasbadu s lqanun?
Ala. Takatut n yilugan tessutur kan ad yili lexlaṣ s ufmiḍi n lfayda n tidet, mačči s tsqamt yeṭṭfen. Afmiḍi s yiman-is yettwaḥewwas gar yimendaden ɣef uɣbel, tallit d tmusni i d-yettawi umsefrak. Ilaq ad yettwaru s wudem iban deg tegatt qbel ad tebdu temhelt.
Isumar unṣiben i usnemhel
Asenqed n «Isumar unṣiben i usnemhel» deg Moudaraba pour entreprise deg Lezzayer yessefk ad ibedd ɣef Asebter unṣib; s wakka tzemreḍ ad tferneḍ gar tewtilin i d-yettwaseknen s wudem unṣib.
| Banka | Talɣut | Asaɣ |
|---|---|---|
| Al Salam Bank Algeria | financements conformes à la charia pour particuliers et professionnels | Asebter unṣib |
| Al Salam – financement véhicule | vente à tempérament/financement automobile conforme à la charia | Asebter unṣib |
| CPA – e-Tamwil islamique | Mourabaha, Ijara et financements islamiques accessibles via e-Tamwil | Asebter unṣib |
| Banque d’Algérie – règlement 2020-02 | cadre des opérations de banque relevant de la finance islamique | Asebter unṣib |
| BNA – finance islamique | gamme de financements islamiques de la banque | Asebter unṣib |
Tisuddas n wereḍḍal ara testeqsiḍ
Al Baraka — Dar Al Baraka YousrTabanka tineslemt yettwasirgen sɣur Banque d'Algérie — Mourabaha, Ijara neɣ Istisna'a i tnezduɣt tamaynut neɣ n taddart alamma d 12 000 000 DA, ɣef 25 n yiseggasen s wugar.Al Salam Bank Algeria — LPA, LPP, LSP, LPLTabanka tineslemt yettwasirgen sɣur Banque d'Algérie — Asmuddu ineslem n Al Salam i tnezduɣin yettwallen d tid n usenhar LPA, LPP, LSP d LPL.BNA — Finance islamique particuliersTabanka tamenḍawt yesɛan asfaylu n tdrimt tineslemt — Asfaylu ineslem n BNA: asmuddu s Mourabaha, Ijara d Istisna'a i yimdanen.CPA — Mourabaha AqarTabanka tamenḍawt yesɛan asfaylu n tdrimt tineslemt — Asmuddu n uxxam yemṣaḍan d ccariɛa n CPA, yebna ɣef tɛeqqdit n Mourabaha.Tabdart i usisen kan: Algerie-Credit.com ur yeqqin ɣer yiwet seg tsuddas-a, ur d-yettak ara areḍḍal. Senqed tiwtilin n tura ɣer tsuddest s timmad-is.